when i try the host who are using NAT, seems the TOS bits will lose. Tracing route to 10.39.32.1 over a maximum of 30 hops 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms mudd-edge-1-vlan236-5.net.columbia.edu [128.59.51.1] 2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 10.39.32.1 Trace complete. : bart.cs.columbia.edu ;ping -P 0x06 10.39.32.1 10.39.32.1 is alive : bart.cs.columbia.edu ; : bart.cs.columbia.edu ;tcpdump -n -v -v 14:21:10.945846 128.59.19.191 > 10.39.32.1: icmp: echo request (DF) [tos 0x6,ECT(0)] (ttl 255, id 60189, len 84) 14:21:10.946133 10.39.32.1 > 128.59.19.191: icmp: echo reply (DF) (ttl 254, id 60189, len 84) lost its TOS bits //--------------------------------------------------- : bart.cs.columbia.edu ;ping -P 0x06 128.59.51.1 128.59.51.1 is alive : bart.cs.columbia.edu ; : bart.cs.columbia.edu ;tcpdump -n -v -v 14:23:53.564603 128.59.19.191 > 128.59.51.1: icmp: echo request (DF) [tos 0x6,ECT(0)] (ttl 255, id 51310, len 84) 14:23:53.564946 128.59.51.1 > 128.59.19.191: icmp: echo reply (DF) [tos 0x6,ECT(0)] (ttl 255, id 51310, len 84) while the node before NAT node still keep TOS bits