Public Data

Private companies gather a lot of data about us, data that may be of interest to law enforcement agencies. For example, many mobile app providers know your location. Under Carpenter,  the government cannot obtain location data from a cell phone provider without a warrant—but can they purchase it from a data broker? (Note that for some classes of non-content subscriber data, 18 U.S.C. § 2702(c)(6) explicitly permits communications providers to sell that  data "to any person other than a governmental entity".)

Resolved: that the courts or Congress should forbid the warrantless purchase of data, 

if the government could not itself obtain that data without a warrant?

The standard debate policies and format apply.