ietf
Class IETF

java.lang.Object
  ietf.IETF

public class IETF
extends java.lang.Object

IETF is the main class that is used to parse e-mail headers of recent messages from the IETF mailing list archive. This data has been preprocessed to remove errors and deviation from specifications wherever necessary.

Constructor Summary

IETF()
Creates a new instance of IETF and initializes the member variables.

Method Summary

void	checkDSL() Checks if the source IP address of the message is statically or dynamically assigned by querying the SORBS DUHL.
int	checkSPFExists() Queries the DNS records for existence of a SPF record belonging to the domain of the earliest Received host.
int	checkSPFMatches() Checks if the domain argument's SPF record permits messages to be sent from a host whose address is the ipAddress argument.
boolean	checkWellFormed() Checks whether the current message is well formed.
void	clearHeaders() Clears relevant message headers before a new message is about to be parsed.
java.lang.String	expandBinary(java.lang.String str) Expands the binary str argument to an eight bit binary string.
java.lang.String	expandMacro(java.lang.String inputStr, java.lang.String ipAddress, java.lang.String domain) Performs macro expansion on the inputStr argument according to section 8 of RFC 4408.
java.lang.String	expandMacroTerm(java.lang.String macroTerm, java.lang.String ipAddress, java.lang.String domain) Expands the macroTerm argument as specified by section 8 of RFC 4408.
java.util.Date	getDate(java.lang.String str) Retrieves the timestamp of the Received header passed as its argument.
java.lang.String	getEarliestReceivedHost() Gets the first host that adds its Received header to the message.
java.lang.String	getSourceIP(boolean publicIP) Gets the IP address of the machine from which the message was sent.
boolean	isCountryCodeTLD(java.lang.String str) Determines whether the domain component represented by the str argument is a country code top level domain.
boolean	isGenericTLD(java.lang.String str) Determines whether the domain component represented by the str argument is a generic top level domain.
boolean	isPrivateAddress(java.lang.String address) Checks whether the address argument is a private address.
static void	main(java.lang.String[] args) The main entry point into the IETF class.
java.lang.String	normalize(java.lang.String str) Removes redundant spaces and other unwanted symbols from the Received headers.
void	populateIPs() Extracts the list of public IP addresses from the Received headers into receivedIPs.
void	printSPFFailure(java.lang.String reason, java.lang.String domain, java.lang.String spfRecord) Prints relevant message headers of messages to analyze cases where SPF verification against the source IP address failed and also what lead to the failure.
void	printSPFSuccess(java.lang.String reason, java.lang.String domain, java.lang.String spfRecord) Prints relevant message headers of messages to analyze cases where SPF verification against the source IP address succeeds and also what lead to the success.
void	printStatistics() Prints relevant statistics to standard output and to the file ietf_statistics after processing every input data file.
void	processFiles() Reads data files from the IETF mailing list archive line by line and extracts values from relevant headers into its member variables.
java.lang.String	reverseMacro(java.lang.String text) Reverses the representation of the given text splitting at dot boundaries.
void	sortReceivedHeaders() Reverses the order of the Received headers so that they are arranged from earliest to last.
int	spfLookUp(java.lang.String ipAddress, java.lang.String domain) Performs verification of the ipAddress argument against the SPF record of the domain argument.
boolean	testIpMatch(java.lang.String ipAddress, java.lang.String ipAddressRange) Checks whether the ipAddress argument falls in the range of the ipAddressRange argument.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Constructor Detail

IETF

public IETF()
     throws java.lang.Exception

Creates a new instance of IETF and initializes the member variables.

Throws:

java.io.FileNotFoundException - if the file exists but is a directory rather than a regular file, does not exist but cannot be created, or cannot be opened for any other reason

javax.naming.NamingException - if a naming exception is encountered

java.lang.Exception

Method Detail

clearHeaders

public void clearHeaders()

Clears relevant message headers before a new message is about to be parsed.

printStatistics

public void printStatistics()

Prints relevant statistics to standard output and to the file ietf_statistics after processing every input data file.

printSPFFailure

public void printSPFFailure(java.lang.String reason,
                            java.lang.String domain,
                            java.lang.String spfRecord)

Prints relevant message headers of messages to analyze cases where SPF verification against the source IP address failed and also what lead to the failure.

Parameters:

reason - the reason that led to SPF verification failure.

domain - the domain currently being looked up.

spfRecord - the SPF Record of the current domain.

printSPFSuccess

public void printSPFSuccess(java.lang.String reason,
                            java.lang.String domain,
                            java.lang.String spfRecord)

Prints relevant message headers of messages to analyze cases where SPF verification against the source IP address succeeds and also what lead to the success.

Parameters:

reason - the reason that led to SPF verification success.

domain - the domain currently being looked up

spfRecord - the SPF Record of the current domain.

getDate

public java.util.Date getDate(java.lang.String str)
                       throws java.lang.Exception

Retrieves the timestamp of the Received header passed as its argument.

Parameters:

str - the Received header.

Returns:

the Date object corresponding to the timestamp present in str in the format "d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z";
null if the timestamp in the Received header doesn't match the regex pattern.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - The regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - The pattern describing the date and time format is invalid.

InvalidStateException - if no match has yet been attempted or the previous match operation has failed.

java.lang.Exception

getEarliestReceivedHost

public java.lang.String getEarliestReceivedHost()
                                         throws java.lang.Exception

Gets the first host that adds its Received header to the message.

Returns:

the first host that adds its Received header to this message.
"by missing" if the earliest Received header doesn't contain "by";
"received missing" if no Received headers exist.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.Exception

populateIPs

public void populateIPs()
                 throws java.lang.Exception

Extracts the list of public IP addresses from the Received headers into receivedIPs.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.IllegalStateException - if no match has yet been attempted, or the previous match operation failed.

java.lang.Exception

getSourceIP

public java.lang.String getSourceIP(boolean publicIP)
                             throws java.lang.Exception

Gets the IP address of the machine from which the message was sent.

Parameters:

publicIP - flag indicating whether a public IP address is strictly necessary.

Returns:

IP address of the machine from which the message originated;
"received missing" if no Received headers are found or none contain the source IP address.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.IllegalStateException - if no match has yet been attempted or the previous match operation failed.

java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException - if there is no capturing group in the pattern with the given index.

java.lang.Exception

isPrivateAddress

public boolean isPrivateAddress(java.lang.String address)
                         throws java.lang.Exception

Checks whether the address argument is a private address.

Parameters:

address - the IP address that needs to be checked.

Returns:

true if address argument is a private address;
false otherwise.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.NumberFormatException - if the string doesn't contain a parseable integer.

java.lang.Exception

checkWellFormed

public boolean checkWellFormed()
                        throws java.lang.Exception

Checks whether the current message is well formed. The checks performed include:

• whether the message originated from a Gmail inbox. Such messages do not contain routing information such as originating IP address and earliest Received host.
• whether the message lacks Received headers or the "by" part of the earliest Received header.

Returns:

true if none of the above conditions are true;
false otherwise.

Throws:

java.lang.Exception

normalize

public java.lang.String normalize(java.lang.String str)

Removes redundant spaces and other unwanted symbols from the Received headers.

Parameters:

str - the Received header to be normalized.

Returns:

the normalized Received header.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

sortReceivedHeaders

public void sortReceivedHeaders()
                         throws java.lang.Exception

Reverses the order of the Received headers so that they are arranged from earliest to last.

Throws:

java.lang.Exception

isGenericTLD

public boolean isGenericTLD(java.lang.String str)

Determines whether the domain component represented by the str argument is a generic top level domain.

Parameters:

str - the domain component to be checked.

Returns:

true if str is a generic TLD;
false otherwise.

isCountryCodeTLD

public boolean isCountryCodeTLD(java.lang.String str)

Determines whether the domain component represented by the str argument is a country code top level domain.

Parameters:

str - the domain component to be checked.

Returns:

true if str is a country code TLD;
false otherwise.

checkSPFExists

public int checkSPFExists()
                   throws java.lang.Exception

Queries the DNS records for existence of a SPF record belonging to the domain of the earliest Received host.

Returns:

-6 if the ServiceUnavailableException is encountered;
-5 if the InvalidNameException is encountered;
-4 if the NameNotFoundException is encountered;
-3 if the CommunicationException is encountered;
-2 if the earliest Received host has an invalid top level domain;
-1 if the domain hasn't been encountered previously and lacks a SPF record in its DNS entry;
0 if the domain has been encountered previously and lacks a SPF record in its DNS entry;
1 if the domain hasn't been encountered previously and it has a SPF record in its DNS entry;
2 if the domain has been encountered previously and it has a SPF record in its DNS entry.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

javax.naming.CommunicationException - if the client cannot communicate with the server and a timeout occurs.

javax.naming.NameNotFoundException - if a component of the name cannot be resolved because it is not bound.

javax.naming.InvalidNameException - if the name doesn't conform to the naming syntax of the naming system.

javax.naming.ServiceUnavailableException - if the directory or naming service is unavailable.

java.lang.Exception

expandBinary

public java.lang.String expandBinary(java.lang.String str)

Expands the binary str argument to an eight bit binary string.

Parameters:

str - the binary string that is to be expanded.

Returns:

the expanded eight bit binary string.

testIpMatch

public boolean testIpMatch(java.lang.String ipAddress,
                           java.lang.String ipAddressRange)
                    throws java.lang.Exception

Checks whether the ipAddress argument falls in the range of the ipAddressRange argument.

Parameters:

ipAddress - the IP address to be tested.

ipAddressRange - the range of IP addresses that the ipAddress argument is to be checked against. The range can be either an IP address or an IP address with a network prefix (CIDR notation).

Returns:

true if the ipAddress argument falls in the ipAddressRange argument's range;
false otherwise.

Throws:

java.lang.NumberFormatException - if the string doesn't contain a parseable integer.

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.Exception

reverseMacro

public java.lang.String reverseMacro(java.lang.String text)

Reverses the representation of the given text splitting at dot boundaries.

For example, if the text argument is "aw.bx.cy.dz", the text returned is "dz.cy.bx.aw".

Parameters:

text - the text to be reversed.

Returns:

the reversed text.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

expandMacroTerm

public java.lang.String expandMacroTerm(java.lang.String macroTerm,
                                        java.lang.String ipAddress,
                                        java.lang.String domain)
                                 throws java.lang.Exception

Expands the macroTerm argument as specified by section 8 of RFC 4408.

The following macro letters are expanded in term arguments:

• s - the sender's email address
• l - the local-part of the sender's e-mail address
• o - the domain-part of the sender's e-mail address
• d - the domain-part of the sender's e-mail address
• i - the IP address of the SMTP client.
• p - the validated domain name of the SMTP client's IP address.
• v - "in-addr" if the IP address is ipv4;
  "ip6" if the IP address is ipv6.
• h - the domain name supplied on HELO/EHLO, normally the domain name of the sending SMTP server.
• c - the IP address of the SMTP client.
• r - the domain name of the host performing the check, normally the receiving MTA.
• t - current timestamp (number of seconds since Midnight, January 1, 1970, UTC).

Parameters:

macroTerm - the macro term to be expanded.

ipAddress - the IP address of the host where the current message originated.

domain - the domain part of the Return-Path header.

Returns:

the expanded macro term if expansion succeeded;
"invalid headers" if the Return-path contains a syntax error;
"null" if PTR query doesn't succeed.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.IllegalStateException - if no match has yet been attempted or the previous match operation failed.

javax.naming.CommunicationException - if the client is unable to communicate with the directory or naming service.

javax.naming.NameNotFoundException - if a component of the name cannot be resolved, because it is not bound.

java.lang.Exception

expandMacro

public java.lang.String expandMacro(java.lang.String inputStr,
                                    java.lang.String ipAddress,
                                    java.lang.String domain)
                             throws java.lang.Exception

Performs macro expansion on the inputStr argument according to section 8 of RFC 4408.

Parameters:

inputStr - the text to be macro-expanded.

ipAddress - the IP address of the host where the current message originated.

domain - the domain part of the Return-Path header.

Returns:

the macro-expanded inputStr if successful;
"invalid headers" if the Return-path contains a syntax error;
"null" if the PTR query doesn't succeed.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.Exception

spfLookUp

public int spfLookUp(java.lang.String ipAddress,
                     java.lang.String domain)
              throws java.lang.Exception

Performs verification of the ipAddress argument against the SPF record of the domain argument.

Parameters:

ipAddress - the IP address of the host from where the current message originated.

domain - the domain-part of the Return-path header.

Returns:

-6 if infinite recursion is avoided due to the SPF record of the domain argument containing itself as an included domain;
-5 if the CommunicationException is encountered;
-4 if the NameNotFoundException is encountered;
-3 if the InvalidNameException is encountered;
-2 if the ServiceUnavailableException is encountered;
-1 if the domain argument doesn't have a SPF record in its DNS entry;
0 if the SPF record for the domain argument doesn't permit messages from the ipAddress argument;
1/10 if the SPF record for the domain argument permits messages from the ipAddress argument.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

javax.naming.CommunicationException - if the client cannot communicate with the server and a timeout occurs.

javax.naming.NameNotFoundException - if a component of the name cannot be resolved because it is not bound.

javax.naming.InvalidNameException - if the name doesn't conform to the naming syntax of the naming system.

javax.naming.ServiceUnavailableException - if the directory or naming service is unavailable.

java.lang.Exception

checkSPFMatches

public int checkSPFMatches()
                    throws java.lang.Exception

Checks if the domain argument's SPF record permits messages to be sent from a host whose address is the ipAddress argument.

Returns:

-5 if getSourceIP returns "NULL";
-4 if Received headers are missing;
-3 if SPF verification test couldn't be performed;
-2 if the From header's syntax is invalid;
-1 if the Return-path header's syntax is invalid;
0 if the SPF record for the domain argument doesn't permit messages from the ipAddress argument;
1 if the SPF record for the domain argument permits messages from the ipAddress argument;

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.IllegalStateException - if no match has yet been attempted or the previous match operation failed.

java.lang.Exception

checkDSL

public void checkDSL()
              throws java.lang.Exception

Checks if the source IP address of the message is statically or dynamically assigned by querying the SORBS DUHL. After performing this check, it increments the relevant counters.

It also outputs the source IP addresses to the file ietf_ping which is later used as input to fping to determine which of the hosts are reachable via ping.

Throws:

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

javax.naming.CommunicationException - if the client cannot communicate with the server and a timeout occurs.

javax.naming.NameNotFoundException - if a component of the name cannot be resolved because it is not bound.

javax.naming.InvalidNameException - if the name doesn't conform to the naming syntax of the naming system.

javax.naming.ServiceUnavailableException - if the directory or naming service is unavailable.

java.lang.Exception

processFiles

public void processFiles()
                  throws java.lang.Exception

Reads data files from the IETF mailing list archive line by line and extracts values from relevant headers into its member variables. After reaching the end of a message, the following tests are performed:

• checkSPFExists()
• checkSPFMatches()
• checkDSL()

After performing the above tests and updating member variables for all messages in the file, printStatistics() is called. The process then repeats for all the files in the input data set.

Throws:

java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its SecurityManager.checkRead(String) method denies read access to the directory.

java.io.FileNotFoundException - if the file does not exist or is a directory rather than a regular file.

java.io.IOException - if an I/O error occurs.

java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid.

java.lang.Exception

main

public static void main(java.lang.String[] args)
                 throws java.lang.Exception

The main entry point into the IETF class. Creates an instance of this class and performs the following tasks:

• processFiles()
• printStatistics()

Parameters:

args - the command line arguments

Throws:

java.lang.Exception